Galantamine side effects and benefits of supplement information, use for Alzheimer's disease and mental enhancement, memory improvement, review of dosage recommendations
Galantamine is a cholinergic medicine.
It
can be isolated from several plants, including daffodil bulbs, but is now synthesized.
It is available over the counter and also by prescription.
Galantamine offsets reductions in central cholinergic
neurotransmission in Alzheimer's disease by specifically and reversibly
inhibiting acetylcholinesterase enzyme. This allows more acetylcholine to be available in
the brain. It is also a nicotinic receptor agonist. Another herbal
extract that has potential in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease is Huperzine A.
Being approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's
disease in both the US and in Europe, galantamine has potential
as therapy for dementia. Galantamine is currently not recommended for use
by young individuals.
Galantamine
side effects
cholinesterase inhibitors should be used with caution. Side effects of galantamine are similar to those of
other cholinesterase inhibitors. High doses may lead to side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and
dyspepsia.
GalantaMind
is a formulation featuring galantamine, a
phytonutrient extracted from the common snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis), daffodil
(Narcissus pseudonarcissus L.), and spider lily (Lycoris radiata), among other
plants.
As an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, galantamine competitively blocks the premature, age-related breakdown of the natural neurotransmitter acetylcholine, an essential molecule that supports memory function. Unlike other acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, galantamine also enhances nicotinic receptor activity, an effect long known to influence memory and intellectual activity.
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GalantaMind also contains the nutrients choline and vitamin B5, the precursor and cofactor, respectively, to the body's production of acetylcholine.
Supplement factsSuggested Use: For adults only. Half or one galantamine capsule in the morning a few times a week with breakfast
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Alzheimer's disease
Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used for the symptomatic treatment of
Alzheimer's disease. Some of these include
donepezil,
galantamine, and
rivastigmine.
Safety and efficacy of galantamine (Reminyl) in severe
Alzheimer's disease (the SERAD study): a randomised, placebo-controlled,
double-blind trial.
Lancet Neurol. 2009: University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
The efficacy of galantamine has been shown in patients with mild, moderate, and
advanced moderate Alzheimer's disease. Here we report its efficacy in
patients with severe AD. Between 2003 and 2007 patients aged
84 years with severe AD in a nursing home setting were randomly assigned to
receive galantamine, titrated initially to 24 mg/day, or placebo. The brain
medication
improved cognitive function but failed to significantly improve the co-primary
parameter of overall activities of daily living.
Economic and clinical benefits of galantamine in the treatment of mild to
moderate Alzheimer's disease in a Korean population: a 52-week prospective
study.
J Korean Med Sci. 2008. Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University
College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Patients
received either galantamine treatment or no treatment. The
analysis was performed from a societal perspective. Galantamine treatment
reduced time spent caring for the patients and maintained improved functional
capacity, whereas, when no treatments were given, a great increase in caregiver
time and progressive functional deteriorations were observed. Galantamine had a
beneficial effect not only to slow functional decline in patients with mild to
moderate AD, but also to save a substantial amount of costs, closely related to
reduction in caregiver burden and decrease in caregiver time.
Galantamine for Nerve Gas Exposure
Treatment with galantamine in combination with atropine, protects guinea
pigs from lethal doses of the nerve agents sarin and soman and the insecticide
parathion. The toxic effect of these "organophosphorus" compounds derives from
irreversible blockage of an enzyme critical to nerve function. The end result
can be seizures and cardiac arrest. At present, atropine and other drugs are
used to treat the toxic effects of organophosphorus compounds. However, these
treatments have various limitations, including an inability to fully protect the
brain from damage. Galantamine protects nerves from these chemicals by
temporarily blocking the same enzyme. Researchers tested the effects of
galantamine in guinea pigs exposed to lethal doses of sarin, soman, and paraoxon,
the biologically active form of parathion. Atropine was given to counter the
effects of these agents outside the brain. Galantamine plus atropine safely and
effectively counteracted the toxic effects of the organophosphorus compounds.
Moreover, galantamine was well tolerated at the dosages needed to prevent death.
Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences, 2006.
Galantamine Research studies
Indicators of neuroprotection with galantamine.
Brain Res Bull. 2005. Geerts H.
In Silico Biosciences, Berwyn, PA
Recent data suggest a role
for cholinergic stimulation, especially the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine
receptors (nAChR), in beta-amyloid-mediated neurotoxicity. As galantamine is a
modest acetylcholinesterase inhibitor in addition to being an allosteric
modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, it is interesting to study the
clinical effects of this compound in the light of its neurochemical properties
to discern potential neuroprotective effects. The review presents the
preclinical evidence in Alzheimer-related models of neuroprotection with
galantamine, especially in models related to glutamate and beta-amyloid toxicity
in vitro and to cholinergic stress in vivo. There is substantial evidence that
these effects occur by upregulation of the protective protein bcl-2 and are
mediated via alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The review also
identifies possible clinical indicators, such as long-term studies, suggesting a
neuroprotective effect for galantamine mediated by alpha7 nicotinic receptors.
These clinically relevant neuroprotective properties of galantamine are
worthwhile exploring further and their clinical relevance may improve the
development of new disease-modifying agents.
Prescription medications
This
plant extract is also sold as Reminyl, a
prescription medicine.
As far as we know, galantamine and Reminyl are identical, but we really have not
seen the exact chemical analysis of Reminyl drug to know for sure.
As far as we know, the Razadyne generic name is galantamine.
emails
I wish to take galantamine for memory I not worried about it and the stoke. My main concern was
about its safety after hearing something about Reminyl for
Alzheimer's and 16 people dieing in trials. can you give you input?
We don't have enough personal and professional experience to make any recommendations. We suggest having
approval by your doctor and prefer other mind nutrients and consider galantamine
as a supplement to be used only when the others are not effective.
Can an older man or woman take galantamine and
Aricept together I'm out looking for answers to this question they told me
tale Aricept one day then take galantamine the next and so forth till I
get to the third week Is this a safe way to do it cautioned by research
into this product.
Combining these medication products the same day may
produce or increase side effects. We don't have any experience with
alternating the use of galantamine and Aricept, but this is an interesting
idea and worth a try under medical supervision and in low dosages. An
older person can have side effects to medications and supplements at a
lower dosage than younger individuals, therefore the galantamine dosage
and the Aricept dosage should be low even if one needs to take a portion
of a tablet or capsule.
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